Unemployment in Azerbaijan's Regions among Young Men
The unemployment problem is one of the major challenges facing Azerbaijani youth and is more critical in the regions of the country. Youth unemployment problem leads to more serious challenges for especially men due to economic living standards. In other words, a man's work is considered as main factor in order to provide family's financial requirements in Azerbaijan's regions. According to the results of the "Economic activity of the population" 2014, the number of young unemployed men increased from 53.1 thousand to 124.1 thousand between 2014 and 2015 (SSCRA, 2015). The serious problem results economic and social challenges in the countryside. Economically, youth unemployment causes a growth of the living standard costs and job market instability. From a point of the social aspect, unemployment concerns each member of the community and brings stress to the family members which highly invest funds in the young's education they expect them to be employed after graduation university. Even though vast majority of young have completed academic education, the question is why they suffer from unemployment problem. In order to find answer the question, this paper analyzes the causes of the youth unemployment among men in the regions and discusses effects of the problem.
Unemployment’s causes among young men
The primary cause of unemployment in Azerbaijan's regions among young men includes adults especially retired men continue to work in the workplaces. From a point of professionalism view that retired employees firmly believe their career experiences are superior than young's and companies or organizations need more them instead of youth in order to increase productivity. However, today's job vacancies require employee's 21ˢͭ century skills like IT application and use of the computer in the regions. Whereas, young unemployed has gained more advanced skills at the university life and needs more job vacancies as possible as. In this case, retired worker do not leave workplaces; moreover, the employers to continue working with older generation causes youth unemployment among men in the regions of Azerbaijan.
Secondly, less share of industrial and agricultural sectors in the economy affects unemployment among male population in the countryside. Dimian's study claims a lower youth unemployment problem appears in countries which have already specialized in the agricultural sector (Dimian, 2011). Similarly, Kipesha also argues non-attractive agricultural sectors in the case of Tanzania leads to youth unemployment (Kipesha, 2013). In this case, the less development of the agricultural and industrial fields in Azerbaijan’s regions unlike urban areas creates a minority for the new job opportunities. A few numbers of the new job opportunities bring unemployment problem for regions’ young males. Whereas, progressive development of the industry and agriculture in the countryside can influence an increasing number of the workplaces as well as country's economic growth.
Overall, the actuality of the problem indicates its importance at the economic and social levels and requires governmental support in order to develop these fields. Accordingly, the economic and social effects of the unemployment problem facing regions’ young men will be discussed in the next section.
Unemployment’s effects among young men
1. Economic
As a major economic effect, youth unemployment among men impacts migration wave from rural areas to Baku. Consequently, a growth of the immigration to Baku reduces the economic productivity of the regions in the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita. Since economic productivity of the regions depends on the economic activity of the young males. Migration to the urban area from regions diminishes production dramatically; therefore, unbalance proportion of the labor force between urban and rural areas affects less economic productivity in the countryside.
2. Social
Initially, lack of job opportunities discourages young males, since society and families have invested money in the youth education for a long time and expected them to be highly-skilled specialist after graduation university (Kipesha, 2013). Discouraged unemployed young men consume alcohol and drug more than previous years, and make crime incidents (Osodi, 2008). For instance, the most participants of the crime and violence are observed among youth unemployed in Africa countries (Kipesha, 2013). African continent’s example explains a high level of the civil conflicts among young unemployed men increases criminal activity in the society.
Second, youth men unemployment problem of the regions affects increasing of a number of the early family divorces. According to the results of the SCFWCA’s statistics, the number of the family divorces increased from 8895 to 11700 between 2005-2015 (Family İssues, 2015). The outcomes of the statistics indicate youth unemployment among men in the regions is the main reason of the early family divorces. Unemployment problem of the young men in the countryside affects family’s economic issues negatively. Due to not provide financial requirements, family conflicts appear between husband and wife and their disagreement influences early divorces.
Conclusion
The aim of this paper defines the causes of the youth unemployment problem among males in the regions of Azerbaijan including continuing to work of the retired men at the workplaces and less share of the industrial and agricultural sectors in the economy. This paper also discusses consequences of the countryside’s unemployment problem facing young males such as less economic productivity, migration to Baku and early family divorces. My recommendation is a reduction of the youth unemployment should be implemented at the 2 levels, including individual and governmental. In order to overcome this challenge and improve a progressive economic condition, young men should participate in the training and internship programs for administrative vacancies and the government should support and invest funds for development of the industrial and agricultural fields in the regions of Azerbaijan.
Reference list:
Dimian, G. (2011). The role of education in explaining youth labor market imbalances in CEE countries. Effi Ciency and Responsibility in Education and Science, Vol 4(Issue 3), 105–115. Retrieved from http://www.eriesjournal.com/_papers/article_155.pdf
Kipesha, E., & Ebihart Msigwa, R. (2013). Determinants of Youth unemployment in Developing Countries: Evidences from Tanzania. Economics and Sustainable Development, Vol.4, No.14, 66–77. Retrieved from www.iiste.org
Osodi, J. (2008, January 17). Unemployment in the Third World Countries. Joseph Osodi’s Weblog. Retrieved from https://josephekwu.wordpress.com/2008/01/17/unemployment-in-the-third-world-countries/
State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan (SSCRA). (2015). 2015 Youth of Azerbaijan (statistical yearbook). Baku: Official publication.
The State Committee for Family, Women and Children Affairs of republic of Azerbaijan. (2015). Family issues, Marriage and Divorces. Retrieved from http://scfwca.gov.az/?page_id=1343&lang=en
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